Mul.Alpin Tablet — dated 686 BC but likely compiled around 1000 BC
Photo Credit: De Desconocido - http://images.math.cnrs.fr/Revue-de-presse-avril-2012.html?lang=fr, Dominio público, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=67955717

Mercury — Enhanced-color image of Mercury from first MESSENGER flyby. NASA/JPL.Edited version of Mercury in color - Prockter07.jpg by jjron.
Photo Credit: By NASA/Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory/Carnegie Institution of Washington - , Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=24301424

Mars — The first true color image of Mars taken by the OSIRIS instrument on the ESA Rosetta spacecraft during its February 2007 flyby of the planet. The image was acquired on 24 February 2007 at 19:28 CET from a distance of about 240 000 km; image resolution is about 5 km/pixel.
Photo Credit: By ESA - European Space Agency & Max-Planck Institute for Solar System Research - http://www.esa.int/spaceinimages/Images/2007/02/True-colour_image_of_Mars_seen_by_OSIRIS, CC BY-SA 3.0-igo, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=56489423

Jupiter — Full-disc image of Jupiter taken on 21 April 2014 with Hubble's Wide Field Camera 3 (WFC3).
Photo Credit: By NASA, ESA, and A. Simon (Goddard Space Flight Center) - http://www.spacetelescope.org/images/heic1410a/ or http://hubblesite.org/newscenter/archive/releases/2014/24/image/b/, Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=32799232

Full Moon — Full Moon photograph taken 10-22-2010 from Madison, Alabama, USA. Photographed with a Celestron 9.25 Schmidt-Cassegrain telescope. Acquired with a Canon EOS Rebel T1i (EOS 500D), 20 images stacked to reduce noise. 200 ISO 1/640 sec.
Photo Credit: By Gregory H. Revera - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=11901243

The Thomas Harriot Plaque in the grounds of Syon House (W. London) —
Photo Credit: By The group organising the Telescope 400 event (July 2009) - I am a member. - The group organising the Telescope 400 event (July 2009), CC0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=16380312

Harriot's 1609 Drawing of the Moon —
Photo Credit: by Thomas Harriot: Public Domain

Thomas Harriot —
Photo Credit: By Unknown - http://www.ecu.edu/cs-cas/images/harriot.jpg, Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=3994065

Alfonsine tables —
Photo Credit: Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=777363

Alfonso X — cropped from: Monument to Alfonso X in La Puebla del Río, province of Seville.
Photo Credit: By The original uploader was Asterion at English Wikipedia. - Transferred from en.wikipedia to Commons by Kafuffle using CommonsHelper., CC BY-SA 2.5, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=12867166

Hipparchos —
Photo Credit: Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=630396