John Rutherford — By Henry Wright Kerr (1857-1936) - The copyright holder of this file allows anyone to use it for any purpose, provided that the copyright holder is properly attributed. Redistribution, derivative work, commercial use, and all other use is permitted.Royal College of Physicians of EdinburghAjmoore94,
Photo Credit: CC BY-SA 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=53208598

Engraved portrait of Rutherford —
Photo Credit: By William Ramsay - The Gases of the Atmosphere (old book), Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=2682565

Sir Walter Scott — Raeburn's portrait of Sir Walter Scott in 1822
Photo Credit: By Henry Raeburn - Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=24971320

Catherine I of Russia — By Jean-Marc Nattier
Photo Credit: Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=2074479

Ludwig I of Bavaria, c. 1830 —
Photo Credit: Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=3182233

Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria —
Photo Credit: By Joseph Karl Stieler - .Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=4029042

View of the Bavarian Alps —
Photo Credit: By Björn Láczay - Über dem SpitzsteinhausUploaded by Magnus Manske, CC BY-SA 2.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=24152879

Free State of Bavaria — Within the German Nation
Photo Credit:

Kingdom of Bavaria — Within the German Empire with the exclave of Palatinate
Photo Credit: By Milenioscuro - Own work based on: File:Deutsches Reich (Karte) Bayern.svg, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=35265354

Electorate of Bavaria 1648 — Within the Holy Roman Empire
Photo Credit: By HRR_1648_Glatz.PNG: Roke (map), Hanno Sandvik (addition of colours)derivative work: John Kenney (talk) - HRR_1648_Glatz.PNG, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=11546037

Duchy of Bavaria 1618 — Within the Holy Roman Empire
Photo Credit: By Sir Iain Main source:"Deutschland: 1618-1648", in: Josef Engel, Grosser Historischer Weltatlas, herausgegeben vom Bayerischen Schulbuch-Verlag: Dritter Teil, Neuzeit, Munich and Tübingen, 1967 .https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=37436816